This paper provides utility regulators with an outline of initial steps for developing an in-depth understanding of EPA rules and regulations. It includes a review of the EPA’s proposed rules as of May 2011, with a focus on compliance flexibility. The paper looks generally at utility planning, suggesting approaches that companies might adopt as they take stock of their existing resources and preparedness to comply in the most effective and affordable manner with the EPA’s health and environmental regulations. This paper also seeks to provide a broader understanding of some relevant issues related to modeling, and it sets out recommendations for commissions to consider as they engage with companies and other regulatory agencies on these issues.