This report, produced for a World Bank project on energy efficiency in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, includes detailed case studies of policy and regulatory mechanisms implemented in six countries and regions to enable utilities to assist their customers to use electricity more efficiently. The case studies were selected to demonstrate the wide range of different approaches that have been adopted to enable utility delivery of end-use energy efficiency. The report provides detailed examples of relevant policy and regulatory mechanisms that may, with suitable modification, be capable of effective implementation in the MENA region. The case studies describe  policy and regulatory mechanisms in the following countries and regions: California; New South Wales, Australia; South Africa; China; India; and Brazil.